How to Read Ac Gauges 3 Ton R22

Rik is an engineer who has held a range of marketing, technical support, and management roles. He is also a qualified teacher.

Welcome to your guide to the basics of electricity.

The iv almost basic concrete quanities in electricity are:

• Voltage (5)
• Current (I)
• Resistance (R)
• Ability (P)

Each of these quantities are measured using dissimilar units:

• Voltage is measured in volts (V)
• Current is measured in amps (A)
• Resistance is measured in ohms (Ω)
• Power is measured in watts (Westward)

Electric power, or the wattage of an electrical system, is always equal to the voltage multiplied by the current.

A system of water pipes is oftentimes used as an illustration to help people understand how these units of electricity piece of work together. In this analogy, voltage is equivalent to water pressure level, current is equivalent to menstruation rate and resistance is equivalent to pipe size.

In electrical engineering, there is a bones equation that explains how voltage, current and resistance relate. This equation, written below, is known as Ohm'southward constabulary.

Ohm'due south Constabulary

Five = I x R

Ohm's police force states that voltage is equal to the current flowing in a excursion times the resistance of the circuit.

One style of understanding Ohm's law is to employ it to the imaginary plumbing system nosotros've employed as a representation of an electrical system.

Let's say we have a tank of h2o attached to a hose. If nosotros increase the pressure in the tank, more h2o will come up out of the hose. Thus, if we increase the voltage in an electric system, we will besides increase the current.

If we brand the bore of the hose smaller, resistance will increase, causing less h2o to come out of the hose. Thus, if nosotros increment the resistance in an electrical system, nosotros volition decrease the electric current.

With this brief introduction of the workings of an electrical organization, allow's jump into each of the units of electricity separately and larn about them in more detail.

Read More From Owlcation

The prototype higher up depicts a simple electrical circuit with a bulb, some wire, and a battery.

What Are Volts?

Volts are the base unit used to measure out Voltage. One volt is defined as the "difference in electric potential betwixt 2 points of a conducting wire when an electric current of 1 ampere dissipates 1 watt of power betwixt those points." The volt is named subsequently the Italian physicist Alessandro Volta.

In our battery diagram to a higher place, the battery provides what is known as a potential divergence in an electric excursion, or voltage. If nosotros go dorsum to our h2o analogy, the bombardment is similar a h2o pump that propels water through a pipage. The pump increases the pressure in the pipe, causing the water to flow.

In electrical engineering, we phone call this electric force per unit area voltage and measure it in volts. A voltage of 3 volts can be written as 3V.

As the number of volts increases, the current increases too. But in order for the current to menses, the electrical usher or wire must loop back to the battery. If we intermission the circuit, with a switch for example, then no current will flow.

At that place are standard voltage outputs for everyday objects like batteries and household outlets. In the U.s.a., the standard voltage output for a household outlet is 120V. In Europe, the standard voltage output for a household outlet is 230V. Other standard voltage outputs are listed in the tabular array below.

Common Voltages

Object	Voltage
Unmarried-cell, rechargeable battery	1.2V
Single-jail cell, non-rechargeable bombardment	1.5V–one.56V
USB	5V
Motorcar bombardment	2.1V per prison cell
Electric vehicle bombardment	400V
Household outlet (Japan)	100V
Household outlet (Due north America)	120V
Household outlet (Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia)	230V
Rapid transit third rail	600V–750V
High-voltage electric power lines	110,000V
Lightning	100,000,000V

What Are Amps?

The ampere, often shortened to "amp" or A, is the base unit of electric current in the International System of Units. It is named after the French mathematician and physicist André-Marie Ampère, who is considered the father of electrodynamics.

Electricity consists of the flow of electrons through a conductor, for example, an electric wire or cable. We mensurate the rate of flow of electricity as an electric electric current (just equally nosotros think of the rate of menses of h2o in a river as the river current). The letter used to correspond current in an equation is I.

Electrical current is measured in Amperes, shortened to Amps or simply the letter A.

A current of 2 Amps can be written as 2A. The bigger the electric current the more than electricity is flowing.

The International System of Units (SI) defines amps every bit follows:

"The ampere is that abiding current which, if maintained in two directly parallel conductors of space length, of negligible circular cross-department, and placed one metre apart in a vacuum, would produce between these conductors a force equal to 2×x⁻⁷ newtons per metre of length."

Electric Current Demonstration (Video)

What Are Ohms?

Ohms are the base unit of resistance in an electric arrangement. The ohm is defined as "an electrical resistance betwixt 2 points of a conductor when a abiding potential difference of 1 volt, applied to these points, produces in the conductor a current of i ampere, the conductor not being the seat of whatsoever electromotive force." The ohm is named after the German physicist Georg Simon Ohm.

Resistance is measured in ohms, or Ω (omega), for brusque. So, five ohms tin can be written 5Ω.

In our battery diagram to a higher place, if we remove the bulb and reconnected the wire so the bombardment was short circuited, the wire and battery would get very hot and the battery would soon be flat considering at that place would be virtually no resistance in the excursion. Without any resistance, a huge electric current would menstruum until the battery was empty.

One time we add a bulb to the circuit, resistance is created. At that place is now a local "blockage" (or narrowing of the pipe, per our water pipe illustration) where the current experiences some resistance. This greatly reduces the current flowing in the circuit, so the energy in the bombardment is released more slowly.

As the bombardment forces the electric current through the bulb, the bombardment'south energy is released in the bulb in the form of light and oestrus. In other words, the electric current carries stored energy from the battery to the bulb, where information technology is turned into light and heat energy.

The image higher up shows a light bulb as the main cause of electrical resistance.

What Are Watts?

A watt is the base unit of ability in electrical systems. It can also be used in mechanical systems. It measures how much energy is released per 2d in a system. In our battery diagram, the size of both the voltage and the current in the seedling decide how much energy is released.

In the diagram above, the lite bulb would get brighter as the power, measured in watts, increases.

Nosotros can calculate the power released in the bulb, and of the electrical arrangement as a whole, by multiplying the voltage by the electric current. So, to summate watts, the post-obit formula is used.

How to Calculate Watts

W = V * I

For instance, a current of 2A flowing through a seedling with a voltage of 12V across it generates 24W of ability.

How to Calculate with Watts, Amps, Volts, and Ohms

If you want to exercise an electric calculation involving voltage, electric current, resistance, or power, reference the formulae circle beneath. For example, nosotros can calculate the power in watts by referencing the yellow area in the circle.

This formulae circle is very useful for many electric technology tasks. Go along it handy the next time yous are dealing with an electric organisation.

Below are some example equations that are solved using the formulae.

Case Equations

1. What is the current in an electrical circuit with a voltage of 120V and 12Ω of resistance?

I = 5/R

I = 120/12

I = 10A

The current in an electric circuit with a voltage of 120V and 12Ω of resistance is 10A.

2. What is the voltage across an electrical circuit with a electric current of 10A and 200Ω of resistance?

V = I ten R

5 = ten x 200

5 = 2000V

The current in an electrical system with 10A and 200Ω of resistance is 2000V.

3. What is the resistance in an electrical system with a voltage of 230V and a current of 5A?

R = V/I

R = 230/5

R = 46Ω

The resistance in an electrical system with 230V and 50A is 46Ω.

Formulae circumvolve for solving electrical unit of measurement equations.

In Conclusion

After reading this article, you lot hopefully have a ameliorate agreement of the difference between electrical current, voltage, resistance, and electrical power. Recall that if you know any two of the physical values in the formulae circumvolve then you can calculate each of the other two unknown values.

Basic Electricity Tutorial (Video)

Electricity Quiz

For each question, choose the all-time answer. The answer key is below.

1. If I connect a 120V supply to a 60W bulb, what current would flow in the circuit?
   • 1A
   • 2A
   • 0.5A
   • 5A
2. If a 3V battery is continued to a seedling and a current of 1.5A flows through it and then what is the rating of the bulb?
   • 3W
   • 2W
   • iv.5W
   • 0.5W

Answer Key

1. 0.5A
2. iv.5W

Interpreting Your Score

If you got 0 correct answers: Perhaps you demand to reread this commodity?

If you got 1 correct answer: Practice you see where y'all went wrong?

If you got 2 correct answers: Well done. You lot certainly know Watt is Watt!

Questions & Answers

Question: What is the resistance of the heating element of an electric iron if the ampere draw is 8 amperes when 115 volts are applied?

Answer: R= V/I = 115/8 = 14.4 Amps

Question: Can I run two appliances at the same fourth dimension when the max amps bachelor is 5A? I requires iii amp, and the other requires 4.15 amp.

Respond: The answer is no. The full current fatigued is 7.15 Amps. This would overload a 5A socket, and result in a 5A fuse blowing or a 5A circuit breaker being triggered.

© 2009 Rik Ravado

Robert on May 26, 2020:

Very informative and helpful.

James Watt on April 23, 2020:

"and Watts are named subsequently Scottish inventor and mathematician James Watt"

Dennis on April 09, 2020:

Very useful, insight

CR7 on March 24, 2020:

Blurry images

Rooprick on November 22, 2019:

I'thou trying to attach a cork to my Fork so when I eat I don't injure myself or others how practice I practice that

brit on Nov 21, 2019:

cool

Branson on September 24, 2019:

I am trying to design a battery power led light strip. My question is if my led controller is 12v, what amperage 12v battery supply can I use? 2A? 4A? 6A?

remlalnghaka on September 21, 2019:

very interesting

Rahimullah Sahak on August 02, 2019:

hi dear thinks for your adept and a best incarnation I accept one question what is the spicefication of wire and his color and his cade

ubaid on July 31, 2019:

how much units will exist comsumed by an electronic device of 3 amps per hour

manivannan on July 18, 2019:

thaks to all informations

Ghulab hameed on May 15, 2019:

sir plz tell me how we know a device how many voltage applied and which condination will be prove?

Krystal on May xiv, 2019:

Trying to get the reply to this question can anybody assist me delight need if past the moring for school

1. Question:

I=.5amps,R=50phms,P=

Heidy on April 01, 2019:

cheers for explaining the basics of electricity. It brand sense at present

Asitya on March 20, 2019:

Nice it's then easy

COOPER IS Uncomplicated on Feb 11, 2019:

Cooper said he's being simple only he's using highly unnecessary "big" words and it is stupidly simply annoying.

robert cannon on January 21, 2019:

I don't care near small electrical quiz I what one question answered what guess wire is needed to claw upward a welder rated at 230 volts 220 amps every bit far as I got every bit information technology is with electricity is this high a amperage will kill you

Aamir on January 17, 2019:

very well explained.

yoyo on November 05, 2018:

cheers !..it was interesting.

Cooper on October xxx, 2018:

So we know plugging an extension into another extension (and having load being drawn from said setup) will (possibly) hit the maximum immune Amperage/Wattage for that extension and burn it out...

But nosotros can have multiple devices like Fridges, Freezers, Tv'southward, Irons, etc, etc... Each on their own "Plug Socket" but aren't the Plug Sockets essentially just 'extensions' of the house Mains? -

Presuming my answer is probably available on the firm'southward Primary Fuse Board?... I'g curious to enquire how one would calculate the Maximum Potential Amperage & Wattage load of one's unabridged firm!

I know I could add upwardly all my devices and calculate 'My Specific Total Draw' but how much further 'til I hit the 'maximum for my residence'?

The answer is probably stupidly unproblematic, only I'm being stupidly simple at the moment so such an reply would be warranted :D

- Cooper

Sanju pradhan on October 18, 2018:

It's very helpful to me for my studies.

Oh ya daddy on October 10, 2018:

Thanks helpful

Liam on Oct 05, 2018:

Very Interesting, thankyou!

hello infant on July 03, 2018:

very good and very helpful

Brunsrm on April 02, 2018:

Can I run 2 appliances at the same fourth dimension when the max electric provided is v amps? One requires 4.12 A and the other requires 3 A.

Thanks for your help

Taylor on March 27, 2018:

I had to practice a spoken communication on inventions that changed the quality of life. I chose electricity. This website helped.

Prabhjot on March 17, 2018:

Cheers a lot for education united states in easy ways so we could empathise thanks :)

Hendrik on February 25, 2018:

Ω my god, 31 years old and finally empathize the basics!

Gabe on February 23, 2018:

This brand me empathize how does volts and wats work. Before i cant do the departure between volts and watts.

I love Yucheng Jade Shao on January 23, 2018:

This was an astonishing presentation and it helped me alot to understand volts, Amps, Ohms, and Watts!

David on January 15, 2018:

This is an excellent video that I highly recommend for all beginners like me. I now have a expert basic understanding of how electricity works in our everyday globe. Thank you!

ramesh kumar verma on Jan 01, 2018:

pleas help me how understand electricity ie wattage, volts and amps, how to increase amps & decrease in the excursion

a random guy on Dec 15, 2017:

a skele-TON of data, thanks.

a random guy on December 15, 2017:

this helped a lot

toby on November 10, 2017:

Examples used in teaching were the best i read so far.Thank y'all then much :)

Esmaeel on Oct 30, 2017:

Information technology's really an added value

zulfiqar Ahmad on October 25, 2017:

Very nice

S Kanda on October 21, 2017:

Information technology helped me to understand electricity ie wattage, volts and amps, better than books.

D.bong on October 04, 2017:

This helped a lot thanks

mehul lavri on September 26, 2017:

skillful presentation

asif javed on September 12, 2017:

bright description near electricity

J. R. on September 08, 2017:

Very skilful presentation

andrea Sherman on September 04, 2017:

I never understood how that worked. I withal am sort of dislocated . isn't electricity measured in both particles and linear?. I took a course called physics for poets about 40 years ago. thank you✌

@Jeet on Baronial 29, 2017:

Very useful cheers.

Meseret Yirdaw on May 25, 2017:

That is very nice.I would like to give thanks more and more.Keep it up.

Ashfaq on May 24, 2017:

Very helpful folio regarding sympathise of simple electricity

Harpal Singh on May fifteen, 2017:

Amazing.....Honestly speaking this is the first fourth dimension i fully understood it...

thks....

kira on May 03, 2017:

i really find information technology interesting while reading this,and I learnt alot,thanks everyone for contributing to this.

Chethan shetty on April 13, 2017:

Helps to understand even for mechanical students

Sandip Deb gupta on March 23, 2017:

It'south very skilful article wonderful feel

Nope on March 08, 2017:

Thanks

Rizwan on January 22, 2017:

Nice explanation

DILLI SAHU on Jan 22, 2017:

Thank yous Sir,

Nice n elementary explanation of current, volt and watt.

lavysay on Jan 05, 2017:

absurd

Nancy Marine on Oct 03, 2016:

I got 2/two of the question, I guess I know watt is watt.

ade on October 03, 2016:

amazing, never been able to go this stuff in my Caput and you've managed it so succinctly mate, thanks ever and then much, Thanks

jeo on September 16, 2016:

howdy there, i am just getting to know nearly electricity. and has ever been confused to hell, what is Amps, Volts etc. at present i understood it all.

thanks for the commodity. God Anoint

SAQIB from HYDERABAD Islamic republic of pakistan on January 29, 2015:

Existence engineer myself I enjoyed reading the concepts.

sanjay on December 19, 2014:

Very good

MARJ WATSON on July 26, 2014:

Please propose this former lady if I tin can use Gu10 replacement bulbs with 110/220 in the uk, as I bought them in error, thanking you in apprehension,

Marj

Someone on March 08, 2014:

That was useful thanks

santosh kumar on January xx, 2014:

Thanks a lot for your wonderful detail explainatin. I hope it would be very helpful to all beginers. Best wishes for your weblog.

Alpo on January 05, 2014:

Thanks for the tutorial...it has been awhile and was looking for the basic equations. According to your article, "A" is curt for amperes or amps. Later, "I" is introduced without relating information technology to amps. For clarity, you might add that.

vikas pal on September ten, 2013:

great blog

Alex on May 22, 2013:

Can someone help to find out 12 volt ??? w required in the given satiation?

I required 220 volt 1000 w to run my application. i am planning to install solar panel to have full fill my requirement. it involve solar panel ,12 volt bombardment, and power inverter, how many watts of 12 volt panel practice i required to accept 220 volt 1000w power to run my awarding

Rusty on Apr 09, 2013:

I found it interesting that elkangorito said no way 120 is safer than 230 volts. Then why in England on ALL commercial work sites the max voltage used is 120? Everything is stepped downward from 230 to 120.

Thank you

Kiran Chandran on October 04, 2012:

I had cleared many doubts by using this........

amped on July 17, 2012:

Very useful explanation.

saratchandra on May 25, 2012:

Skilful explanation with examples

ajay on April sixteen, 2012:

thanks for the answer. sir please give ane more respond nigh transformers. I read somewhere that transformers can increment and decrease the voltage of a said line, so in that instance is it possible to decrease the incomming 220v principal line of my house to say 24v and so once more increase it 220v for normal usage. will the performance be the same and volition information technology decrease the electric beak.

Rik Ravado (writer) from England on April fourteen, 2012:

ajay - the maximum current would depend on the fuse or breaker in the circuit. In theory, if you brusque circuited the 120v you could get an infinite current simply domestic supplies normally have a billow that trips if you draw too much current. In the UK, our domestic circuits typically allow yous to draw nearly 13A from a 3 pin plug just it my be higher elsewhere, for instance the US.

ajay on April 14, 2012:

how do we make up one's mind the maximum limit of ampereage that tin can exist fatigued out of a 120 volts line

Ak on Dec 28, 2011:

Thanks for the heads-upwardly Rik. I want to implement cheap renewable energy, could you outline few options? Pv or solar panels are not the options where i live. I heard a lot about fuel cells, are they expensive?

Rik Ravado (author) from England on December 22, 2011:

Ak - These products are all scams. You don't get electrical energy for nothing. You lot can convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, a generator does this. But you lot still take to put the same amount of free energy in. Scammers sometimes talk about perpetual movement in connection with free free energy but information technology doesn't exist.

Ak on December 21, 2011:

I take a question.. Tin can the magnetic energy be converted to electric enegergy somehow by properly placing them on a flywheel? Rotating the flywheel using the magnetic force. There are lot of things going on the spider web about it. And how come up they just sell guides only not the finished product.

Ak on December 21, 2011:

Articulate as crystal

Robert on December 18, 2011:

First, thank you does not say plenty for this. I am a tedious learner and forward to using this to help acquire virtually electricity. I am finding out that it is non that hard, only like Bert K commented, U+P=R. Thanks again so much Mr. Ravado

Rik Ravado (author) from England on November eleven, 2011:

Brett

Well spotted - I agree. (Changed the graphic) Thanks!

Brett on November 10, 2011:

Shouldn't your graphic read I = sqrt(P) / R instead of I = sqrt(P) / V?

Rik Ravado (author) from England on March 12, 2011:

Thanks for the feedback Bert - yous are so correct with U+P=R.

Learning is much more than effective when you lot put what you have learned into practice!

bert k on March 12, 2011:

thank you for the free lesson. yous made it very clear and piece of cake to empathize. hither is a smart formula i'd like to laissez passer on to beginners like myself. U+P=R or utilization plus practice equals retention. i wish there had been internet and google when i was a kid. best regards teach. bk

topquark from United kingdom of great britain and northern ireland on Feb 07, 2011:

Useful and well-presented article! A lot of people seem to become confused about Watts and Amps and Volts - an explanation like this has been long overdue.

bernie on Oct 12, 2010:

Everyones a cridic. I understood completely and I understood that it is not on the money, and those of usa who don't have to human action similar know it all's realize that there are factors involved that makes the math shut, but there is room for error. Mayhap thicknees of the wire existence used, battery losing power, or whatsoever the reason. People arctic!!! If I understood and realise this then you brain childeren should. Anal Bastards.

Kevin on October 03, 2010:

Thanks for this mate.

Helped a lot with my schoolwork. :P

Rik Ravado (writer) from England on June 09, 2010:

Cheers Peter!

Peter Enmore on June 08, 2010:

Yes, you really can't get the calculation it to an exact. But yous can definitely get an estimate.

Rik Ravado (author) from England on February 06, 2010:

Elk

Cheers for your comments - I still maintain 120v is safer than 230v. In other words the lower the voltage, the less current potentially flows through the victim.

I agree with your 'approximately' equally apparently cablevision and other elements in the circuit volition further lower the electric current. Also the rating of the bulb or other appliance will not be precise and there will be a margin of fault.

Thank you for stopping by and commenting!

elkangorito from Thailand on February 06, 2010:

Even though your blog is an excellent "guide to the nuts of electricity", there are a couple of things that need to exist considered:

You said, "In the Usa, the domestic supply is typically 110V, much safer than the UK."

This is not true.

Firstly, the voltage in the Great britain is officially 230v (unmarried phase, domestic).

Secondly, the voltage in the U.s.a. is 120v (domestic).

120v is in no way "safer" than 230v. A "safety" voltage is considered to be less than 50v RMS (Ac) or 120v DC (ripple costless). These voltages are known as "actress low voltages" & relate to "affect voltage limits".

You also said: "Finally, remember that if you lot know the voltage of your power supply and so you can calculate the current through a bulb, fuse or other electric apparatus or component, based on its rating in Watts."

I recollect that you lot meant to say, "Finally, recollect that if you know the voltage of your power supply then you can APPROXIMATELY calculate the current through a bulb, fuse or other electrical appliance or component, based on its rating in Watts."

Rik Ravado (writer) from England on November 04, 2009:

LiamBean - glad you plant information technology helpful!

LiamBean from Los Angeles, Calilfornia on October 23, 2009:

Lovely. Wonderful explanation of Watts, Amps, and Electric current.

How to Read Ac Gauges 3 Ton R22

Source: https://owlcation.com/stem/Watt-are-Amps-and-Volts

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